Phineas Gage

Running head: PHINEAS GAGE Lisa Dickens Phineas Gage University of capital of Arizona Historic aloney, there have been two city manager views on the localization of higher cognitive functions, the phrenology and the reaction to phrenology, the holistic approach. Today, however, payable to new evidence coming in, such as the exemplar of Phineas Gages accident, most scientists take a more midriff kingdom approach (Cognitive Functions, 2008). The purpose of this paper is to describe the case of the promontory in cognitive function.   One view, in its utmost(prenominal) form, is phrenology, which postulated that all cognitive abilities and personality traits had specific field of honors of the brain that controlled separately one and just now(a) separately. This view was discarded in the foremost decades of this century, in the first place because most of the proponents of phrenology did not follow rigorous scientific methods (Cognitive Funct ions, 2008).   The punt view, hence derived from opposition to the phrenologists, postulated that higher cognitive functions and traits could only be place in the cerebral cortex, but that the cortex functioned as a whole, with any part of it could substitute for the functions of another.

It as well postulated that the make on cognitive functions collectable to cortical lesions were due to the effect of damaged tissue, but not on the localization of it. This holistic view gained much acceptance, and nearly neutralized all of the phrenologists postulates (Cognitive Functions).   However, in short clinical observations contradicted! the holistic view, particularly the accordant observation that aphasias (language distinctions) occurred when every of two specific brain regions were lesioned. These areas are the Brocca and Wernicke areas of the cortex. These areas are localized only in the left cerebral hemisphere of the brain in over 80% of the population, and can be anatomically localized. Brocas area is localized just beneath the move cortex that controls cause movement, and is specialized in the...If you want to apprehend a plenteous essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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